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धृतराष्ट्र उवाच धर्मक्षेत्रे कुरुक्षेत्रे समवेता युयुत्सवः। मामकाः पाण्डवाश्चैव किमकुर्वत सञ्जय।।
dhṛtarāṣṭra uvāca Dharma-kṣetre kuru-kṣetre samavetā yuyutsavaḥ māmakāḥ pāṇḍavāś caiva kim akurvata sañjaya
Word by Word
dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ (King Dhṛtarāṣṭra) — uvāca (said) — Dharma-kṣetre (in the place of pilgrimage) — kuru-kṣetre (at Kurukṣetra) — samavetāḥ (assembled) — yuyutsavaḥ (desiring to fight) — māmakāḥ (my party/sons) — pāṇḍavāḥ (the sons of Pāṇḍu) — ca (and) — eva (certainly) — kim (what) — akurvata (did they do) — sañjaya (O Sañjaya)
Translation
Dhṛtarāṣṭra said: O Sañjaya, after my sons and the sons of Pāṇḍu assembled in the place of pilgrimage at Kurukṣetra, desiring to fight, what did they do?
Meaning
The Bhagavad-gītā opens with an inquiry from Dhṛtarāṣṭra, the blind king, which reveals his deep-seated anxiety regarding the outcome of the battle. He refers to Kurukṣetra as ‘Dharma-kṣetra’, the place of pilgrimage and righteousness. This designation is significant because, according to the Vedic scriptures, religious rituals performed at Kurukṣetra are highly potent.
Dhṛtarāṣṭra feared that the holy influence of the land might favor his virtuous nephews, the Pāṇḍavas, who were the sons of King Pāṇḍu, over his own sons, the Kauravas. Although both parties belonged to the same Kuru dynasty, Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s language creates a separation: ‘māmakāḥ’ (my sons) versus ‘pāṇḍavāḥ’ (the sons of Pāṇḍu).
This seemingly simple question exposes his partiality and attachment to his own lineage, which is the root cause of the conflict. He anxiously waits to hear from Sañjaya, his secretary, hoping for news that his sons have somehow secured an advantage despite their unrighteous stance.